Civil Law governs legal disputes between individuals, organizations, or entities where no criminal conduct is alleged. Unlike criminal cases, civil cases typically involve compensation or specific performance rather than punishment.

A civil advocate, also known as a litigator, represents clients in various types of civil proceedings. These may include:

• Contract disputes – disagreements over agreements between parties
• Property disputes – issues involving ownership, boundaries, or tenancy
• Family law matters – divorce, alimony, child custody, and adoption
• Tort claims – personal injury, negligence, defamation, or emotional distress
• Consumer protection – legal recourse for unfair or deceptive practices
• Employment disputes – wrongful termination, discrimination, or harassment

The main objective of civil law is to resolve private disputes in a fair and impartial manner. Outcomes often include:

• Monetary compensation for damages
• Injunctions to prevent further harm
• Specific performance to enforce contractual obligations
• Declarations of legal rights and responsibilities

Civil law procedures are typically less formal than criminal ones and follow rules of evidence and litigation designed to protect both parties. The burden of proof is based on a preponderance of the evidence, meaning it is more likely than not that the claim is true.

Civil law is essential in upholding individual rights and maintaining social harmony by providing a peaceful and legal means to settle disputes.